This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1867 Excerpt: ...to be preferred where there is not natural gravitation, or where water is scarce. It renders unnecessary the very heavy expense of levelling or preparing land.--June 13, 1860. P.S.--No doubt some agriculturists are aware that it has been proved before the House of Commons Committee that 1,000 tons of sewage or water may be raised 300 feet at n cost of 13s. to 14s. BENEFICIAL KESULTS OF DEEPEE CULTIVATION BY TEENCH-PLOTTGHING. Bakon Liebig very justly says that our hard or cold stiff heavy soils, although chemically fertile, are physical barren, owing to the impediments offered to the free spreading of the roots--the absence, in tact, of friability. The cohesion of the particles is intense, especially after such a mild wet winter and spring. This is especially the case with undrained and shallow-ploughed clays. The only remedy for this physical disability is the ample introduction of farmyard manure by deep trench-ploughing. All this is best done in dry weather, when air is freely introduced between the rough and separated masses. One of the main causes of the bad wheal crops this year on cold stiff clays is the absence of hard winter frosts. The expansion of the frozen water in the clay shatters, loosens, and separates the particles, leaving it in spring like an ash-heap. The absence of any such frosts in the past winter has been a great calamity for heavy-land STIFF SOILS SHOULD BE DEEPLY PLOUGHED. 73 farmers. In June last year, as fast as we cleared off our tare crop, the land was heavily manured and trench-ploughed, the ordinary plough going deeply with three horses, another plough, without the breast or mould-board, drawn by three strong horses, following in the track of the first plough, furrow by furrow. We then had a good crop of cabbage, and after t...